VALIDATION OF A 12-DOF TRACTOR-SEMITRAILER LONGITUDINAL MODEL USING EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR LOAD TRANSFER ANALYSIS

Authors

  • M.Z. Abdul Manaf
  • M.H. Harun
  • M.H. Mohd Hanafi
  • M.S. Rahmat
  • Z. Abd Kadir

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54554/jmet.2025.17.01.004

Keywords:

Tractor-Semitrailer, Longitudinal Load Transfer; , Vehicle Dynamics, Model Validation, Control-Oriented Model

Abstract

The longitudinal load transfer that occurs in articulated heavy vehicles during severe dynamic manoeuvres presents significant challenges to vehicle stability, braking performance, and cargo safety. While high-fidelity simulation models can capture these dynamics, simplified, control-oriented mathematical models offer a computationally efficient alternative for the development of active safety systems. This study presents the validation of a 12-degree-of-freedom (DOF) tractor-semitrailer longitudinal model using experimental work of Salaani et. al [1]. The objective is to assess the model's fidelity by comparing its simulated dynamic response which focuses on a harsh, straight-line braking manoeuvre from 90 km/h to a complete stop. The validation employs both qualitative visual comparison of time-history data and quantitative analysis using Root Mean Square (RMS) error. The results indicate a strong correlation for longitudinal velocity, with an RMS error below 3%, and a reasonable agreement for longitudinal acceleration, with an RMS error under 13%. The analysis of discrepancies suggests that unmodeled torsional compliances are a primary contributor to the observed error. The model successfully captures the dominant longitudinal dynamics and is a valid and fit-for-purpose tool for the subsequent development and analysis of active control systems aimed at mitigating longitudinal load transfer.

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Published

2026-06-09

How to Cite

Abdul Manaf, M., Harun, M., Mohd Hanafi, M., Rahmat, M., & Abd Kadir, Z. (2026). VALIDATION OF A 12-DOF TRACTOR-SEMITRAILER LONGITUDINAL MODEL USING EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR LOAD TRANSFER ANALYSIS. Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (JMET), 17(1), 50–71. https://doi.org/10.54554/jmet.2025.17.01.004

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 1

Section

Automotive Engineering

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